sqlite: Handle state invalidation when Connection.__init__ fails during re-initialization #6287

Currently, sqlite3 does not correctly update the internal state of a Connection object if __init__ is called a second time and fails (e.g., due to an OperationalError).

Expected Behavior
If Connection.__init__ fails (even on an already open connection), the object should be considered uninitialized. Subsequent attempts to use methods like executemany should raise a sqlite3.ProgrammingError with the message "Base Connection.init not called", matching CPython's behavior.

Context
This behavior is required to pass test_connection_bad_reinit. We need to ensure the connection's initialized flag is reset or checked properly when re-initialization fails.